Raj Pranap Arun

Supervisor:

Dr. Paola Marcato

Program of Study:

Pathology

Project Title:

Influence of ALDH1A3 on the miRNA landscape in triple-negative breast cancers

Research Summary:

Decisions for therapy for breast cancers are based on how advanced the cancer is and if the
breast tumor makes three hormone receptors, since these receptors allow for treatment with
hormone-based therapies. Breast cancers that lack all three receptors and are called triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). TNBCs have few treatment options (e.g., chemotherapy) and
are more aggressive. The Marcato lab is investigating one of the causes for why TNBC are
more aggressive, high levels of an enzyme called aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3).
We believe that if we can understand how ALDH1A3 makes TNBC tumors spread to other
parts of the body, we will be able to devise new ways to treat these cancers. In my studies, I
made a new connection between ALDH1A3 and cell molecules called mircoRNAs. In cancer
some of these microRNA can be deregulated and play a critical role in tumor growth and
spread. Based on my data, it is possible that ALDH1A3 may be causing TNBCs to grow and
spread by altering these microRNAs. By completing a series of experiments, I will first
determine if ALDH1A3’s function in TNBCs is dependent upon these microRNAs. Second, I
will test if targeting these miRNAs with anti-miRNA drugs blocks the effects of ALDH1A3 in
TNBCs and stops the cancer cells from spreading. Last, I will determine how ALDH1A3 is
deregulating these microRNAs. Together, my research will reveal new information about why
TNBCs grow and spread. By finding new ways to kill these tumors and prevent their spread in
the body, it will improve the health of breast cancer patients.

Scholarships and/or Awards:

    • Cancer Research Training Program (CRTP) Traineeship Award 2022
    • Cancer Research Training Program (CRTP) Traineeship Award 2020

Location:

Dalhousie University